Suitability of lychee fruits on and off the tree for. Coreidae, are major economic pests of macadamia nuts in australia. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. The pheromone of the macadamia nut borer, cryptophlebia ombrodelta lower, was. The false codling moth, cryptophlebia leucotreta meyr. The species was first described by oswald bertram lower in 1898. They are also pests of approximately a dozen other tropical and subtropical horticultural crops, and minor pests of many more. Control can be achieved with a strict program of suitable miticides. The commercial pheromone lure orfamone ii, containing cis. Although this pest is presently restricted to this region and adjacent islands of africa and israel, it is considered to have a high probability of establishment if the pest were introduced into a suitable tropical or subtropical climates due to its wide range of possible.
Host records for tortricidae lepidoptera reared from seeds and. Macadamia diseases and pests, description, uses, propagation. This publication has been reprinted as a digital book without any changes to the content published in 2003. Your use of this pdf, the bioone web site, and all posted and associated content indicates. Organic macadamia growing department of primary industries. Other readers will always be interested in your opinion of the books youve read. For organic macadamia growing, it is beneficial to. The larvae often bore into fruits, galls or twigs of various host plants, mainly leguminosae. Cryptophlebia peltastica meyrick, 1921 original combination. Identification and biology of nonnative plants in floridas natural areas. Viruses free fulltext the cryptophlebia leucotreta. Thaumatotibia leucotreta an overview sciencedirect topics.
Biology 2e is designed to cover the scope and sequence requirements. Ptinidae books, maps, paper uganda caulophilus oryzae. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Note on the eucosmid olethreutid moth cryptophlebia. Some documents posted on the hear website are in adobe acrobat pdf format. Threat identification and pathway analysis submitted by. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Trapping adult macadamia nut borer, cryptophlebia ombrodelta.
The material and content contained in the greenbook label database is for general use information only. Development of a pheromonebased monitoring system for the. Cryptophlebia is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily olethreutinae of the family tortricidae. Read parasites of cryptophlebia ombrodelta lower lepidop. This species has a cosmopolitan distribution and infests a wide variety of dried stored fruit. Tortricidae, austral entomology on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. The insect ecology and behavior laboratory is located at the tree fruit research and extension center here in wenatchee, wa. It is native to india, sri lanka, nepal, indonesia, china, taiwan, vietnam, thailand, western malaysia, new guinea, the philippines, japan, guam, the caroline islands, australia and has been introduced to hawaii. Cryptophlebia ombrodelta, the litchi fruit moth or macadamia nut borer, is a moth of the family tortricidae.
Crops with typically moderate to high levels of mnb which are sprayed once or more each season will benefit the most from releases of trichogramma compared to crops where mnb only occasionally require spraying in a typical season. Lychee erinose mite aceria litchii is a serious pest of lychee foliage, flowers and fruit. Book trust, india this is an immense climber going over the tops of even the highest trees in the. Host plants encompass numerous species in about 15 fruit and nutbearing families, with a preponderance of fabaceae. It also occurs in thailand, china, japan, taiwan province of china and australia, but only in the latter area is it regarded as a significant pest. Whether youve loved the book or not, if you give your honest and detailed thoughts then people will find new books that are right for them. Pupation occurs in the fruit or pod or in the ground. A table is presented summarising the biology, seasonal incidence, injuriousness, pest status and control of 14 insect pests that infest macadamia in queensland. Females lay eggs on the fruits or pods of the host plant. We documented the species defoliating macadamia integrifolia maiden and betche proteaceae associated with a plantation of coffee coffea spp.
Read trapping adult macadamia nut borer, cryptophlebia ombrodelta lower lepidoptera. Cryptophlebia ombrodelta macadamia nut borer cryptophlebia sp starfruit borer diacrotricha fasciola. A new distribution map is provided for cryptophlebia ombrodelta lowerargyroploce ombrodelta lower lepid. Thaumatotibia cryptophlebia leucotreta meyrick tortricidae the false codling moth thaumatotibia leucotreta meyrick is a key pest of citrus, stone fruit, and other crops in many countries in subsaharan africa carpenter et al. Newton pj, thomas cd, mastro vc, schwalbe cp, 1993. Industry and investment nsw southern cross university forum. Organic macadamia growing nsw department of primary industries. Eight types of trap were tested for cryptophlebia ombrodelta, the macadamia nut.
Catch in a robinson mercury vapour light trap was related to crop damage. Development is continuous and adults are present yearround. Thaumatotibia cryptophlebia leucotreta meyrick tortricidae the false codling moth thaumatotibia leucotreta meyrick is native to subsaharan africa and a key pest of citrus and stone fruits. Pest biology and ecology importance of timing treatments, monitoring. Cryptophlebia includes mediumsized to large moths typically with a subtriangular pretornal patch on the forewing. The genus includes several notorious pests of fruit and nuts including the koa seedworm cryptophlebia illepida butler and the macadamia or litchi nutborer cryptophlebia ombrodelta lower. Cryptophlebia ombrodelta tortricidae hear species info. Cultivated macadamia is a derivative of the subtropical species macadamia integrifoia and macadamia tetraphylla and their hybrids.
The integrated taxonomic information system itis provides authoritative taxonomic information on cryptophlebia ombrodelta, as well as other plants, animals, fungi, and microbes of north america and the world. Cryptophlebia ombrodelta, the litchi fruit moth or macadamia nut borer, is a moth of the family. Host records for tortricidae lepidoptera reared from. Eight types of trap were tested for cryptophlebia ombrodelta, the macadamia nut borer. Thomas, in postharvest biology and technology of tropical and subtropical fruits. A polyphagous species, cryptophlebia ombrodelta lower, also.
Tortricidae in southeast queensland, austral entomology on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Improved twocomponent blend of the synthetic female sex pheromone of cryptophlebia leucotreta, and identification of an attractant for c. Larvae bore into the fruit or pod and feed on the seeds. Macadamia nutborer cryptophlebia ombrodelta larvae penetrate to the forming kernel of young nuts and develop in the husk after shell hardening. Factors affecting ionizing radiation phytosanitary treatments, and implications for research and generic treatments. Macadamia integrifolia maiden and betche proteaceae, a. Biology of macadamia nut borer cryptophlebia ombrodelta lower 1974 record of. This culminated in the registration of the first crlegvbased biopesticide in 2004 hence, the 10 years of commercial use in the field and the second one three years later.
Featured movies all video latest this just in prelinger archives democracy now. Larvae of the macadamia nutborer cryptophlebia ombrodelta. Macadamia trees belong to the genus macadamia which contains four species of tree or shrub in the family proteaceae which are grown for their edible seeds nuts. Agworld and greenbook do not provide any guarantee or assurance that the information obtained through this service is accurate, current or correct, and are therefore not liable for any loss resulting, directly or indirectly, from reliance upon this service.
For updated information please call 25 23 or visit the website edi. Suction traps used in one orchard caught sufficient. Automeris zozine druce is a silk moth in the family saturniidae whose larvae typically defoliate plants in the fagaceae, fabaceae, and anacardiaceae families, but little is known about other host plants. Cryptophlebia ombrodelta is an important pest of macadamia, litchi, and longan fruit in asia, australia, and hawaii. Sex pheromones and the behavioral biology of the coniferophagous choristoneura. Welcome to the insect ecology washington state university. Biology of the macadamia nut borer cryptophlebia ombrodelta lower. Review of cryptophlebia walsingham, 1900 semantic scholar. Macadamia plants naturally have multiple stems but are trained to a central leader system single. Control many be manages by biological and chemical methods. Bell moths tortricidae of sw australia inaturalist.
Ironsidebiology of the macadamia nut borer cryptophlebia ombrodelta lower. Az list of horticultural insect pests department of. The first objective was to establish a correlation between the number of males recovered from pheromone traps and oviposition. In the last 15 years, extensive work on the cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus crlegv has been conducted in south africa, initially in the laboratory, but subsequently also in the field.
This page was last edited on 27 august 2019, at 06. Free biology 2e textbook available for download openstax. A olethreutini, cryptophlebia rhynchias meyrick grapholitini, cryptophlebia ombrodelta lower, cryptophlebia sp. All attempts were made to provide you with a link to the online article, the pdf download link, or both. Study biology online for free by downloading openstaxs college biology 2e book and using our accompanying online resources including a biology study guide. Cryptophlebia leucotreta meyrick false codling moth tortricidae citrus caterpillar bores into fruits cryptophlebia ombrodelta lower macadamia nut borer nuts larvae in kernels cryptotermes brevis walker drywood termites. Postharvest biology and technology of litchi fruit yueming jiang 1,4, lihu yao 2 amon, lichter 3 and jianrong li 4 1south china institute of botany, chinese academy of sciences, guangzhou reyiju 510650, peoples republic of china. If trap numbers within a given area are to be limited by practical considerations then they should be placed near the top of the canopy rather than lower down.